Bounding the Betti numbers and computing the Euler-Poincar\'e characteristic of semi-algebraic sets defined by partly quadratic systems of polynomials

Saugata Basu, Dmitrii V. Pasechnik, Marie-Francoise Roy

Let $\R$ be a real closed field, ${\mathcal Q} \subset \R[Y_1,...,Y_\ell,X_1,...,X_k],$ with $\deg_{Y}(Q) \leq 2, \deg_{X}(Q) \leq d, Q \in {\mathcal Q}, #({\mathcal Q})=m,$ and ${\mathcal P} \subset \R[X_1,...,X_k]$ with $\deg_{X}(P) \leq d, P \in {\mathcal P}, #({\mathcal P})=s$, and $S \subset \R^{\ell+k}$ a semi-algebraic set defined by a Boolean formula without negations, with atoms $P=0, P \geq 0, P \leq 0, P \in {\mathcal P} \cup {\mathcal Q}$. We prove that the sum of the Betti numbers of $S$ is bounded by $\ell^2 (O(s+\ell+m)\ell d)^{k+2m}.$ This is a common generalization of previous results on bounding the Betti numbers of closed semi-algebraic sets defined by polynomials of degree $d$ and 2, respectively. We also describe an algorithm for computing the Euler-Poincar\'e characteristic of such sets, generalizing similar algorithms known before. The complexity of the algorithm is bounded by $(\ell s m d)^{O(m(m+k))}$.

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