Parallel and Distributed Hybrid Beamforming for Multicell Millimeter Wave Full Duplex

Chandan Kumar Sheemar, Symeon Chatzinotas, Dirk Slock, Jorge Querol

This article presents two novel hybrid beamforming (HYBF) designs for a multicell massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) millimeter wave (mmWave) full duplex (FD) system under limited dynamic range (LDR). Firstly, a novel centralized HYBF (C-HYBF) scheme based on the minorization-maximization (MM) method is presented. However, C-HYBF presents many drawbacks such as high computational complexity, massive communication overhead to transfer complete channel state information (CSI) to the central node (CN) every channel coherence time (CCT), and requirement of expensive computational resources for joint optimization. To overcome these drawbacks, we present a very low complexity, per-link parallel and distributed HYBF (P$\&$D-HYBF) scheme based on cooperation. Due to the per-link independent decomposition, it enables each FD base station (BS) to solve its local sub-problems independently and in parallel on multiple processors, which leads to significant reduction in the communication overhead. It requires that each FD BS cooperates by exchanging information about its beamformers, which allows each FD BS to adapt its beamformers correctly, leading to a negligible performance loss compared to C-HYBF. Simulation results show that both designs achieve similar performance and outperform the fully digital half duplex (HD) system with only a few radio-frequency (RF) chains.

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